20% of U.S. Election System Components Manufactured by Foreign Adversaries (China)

Interos mapped Machine A down to its third-tier suppliers and determined that 19.6% of the 140 identified components originate from China-based companies. Components sourced from Chinese firms enter the voting machine at every level of the supply chain — not merely at the periphery. This includes hardware for touchscreens ultimately packaged into the machine’s primary voter interface. The concern articulated by the study, and reinforced by Congressional testimony on public-private supply chain security initiatives (House Committee on Homeland Security), is that the current posture of intermittent monitoring and annual due diligence is structurally insufficient for the volume, velocity, and variety of data required to continuously secure election infrastructure supply chains.