ESS Tabulators with Embedded 4G Modems Not Disclosed Before or During L&A Testing – Connectivity Undetected (WI)

As documented in the Gableman Report, ESS voting tabulators deployed in Wisconsin were manufactured and deployed with embedded 4G cellular wireless modems enabling internet connectivity. L&A testing protocols in Wisconsin – and nationally – do not include network traffic monitoring, port scanning, or connectivity verification as components of the accuracy test. As a result, the L&A testing conducted on ESS tabulators in Milwaukee, Madison, and other jurisdictions tested tabulation accuracy in isolation while leaving entirely undetected the active cellular modems that connected those certified machines to external networks. A system with a live cellular modem and an active internet connection is not the same system as a certified, air-gapped tabulator – and no L&A test verified the security configuration that certification assumed to be present