Reasonable Inference
Forensic analysis demonstrated that modifying a single file – VIFCHOICEINSTANCE.DVD – within the central repository maintained by voting system vendor ElectionSource simultaneously alters the vote totals on both the printed tabulator paper tapes and the digital EMS results. This is a finding of profound significance: the paper tape – the physical record that serves as the “paper audit trail” in standard canvassing reconciliation – is generated from the same underlying file as the digital EMS result. If that file has been modified before printing, both the paper record and the digital record will reflect the modified totals, and a standard canvass reconciliation comparing paper tapes to digital EMS results will show a perfect match – masking any underlying manipulation. ElectionSource acted as the centralized manager for election project files across 22 Michigan counties in 2020. Forensic investigators further documented the existence of a companion file – VIFBALLOTINSTANCE.DVD – that controls ballot definition in the same repository. The existence of a single centralized file controlling tabulation outputs across 22 counties – maintained by a private vendor without independent government verification of its integrity – represents a structural vulnerability that defeats the purpose of distributed, precinct-level tabulation architecture. The Secretary of State ordered the deletion of ballot images from Antrim County and other counties following the ASOG analysis, precluding independent forensic verification of the vote-shift analysis.
Citations
Allied Security Operations Group (ASOG), Antrim Michigan Forensics Report v2, Dec. 13, 2020 (error rate 68.05%
Mesa County Forensic Report No. 3 (unauthorized new Tabulation and Adjudication databases created mid-election, 300 ballots receiving different adjudication outcomes between first and second processing).